Origins of Civilization Mesopotamia 3: Copper, Chiefdom, Kinship-based: Ubaid, Uruk -4,500 to -3,000
1. The Copper Age in Mesopotamia The Copper Age (Chalcolithic) was marked by the rise of towns and rapid specialization,...
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Origins of Civilization Mesopotamia 2: New Stone Age, Tribes, Clan-based Segmentary including slaves: Levant, early Ubaid -12,500 to -4,500
The New Stone Age revolution marks a key point when humans shifted from mobile hunting and gathering to settled farming...
Origins of Civilization Mesopotamia 1: Old Stone Age, Bands, Egalitarian
1. Spreading of Homo sapiens Some 100,000 years ago, during the early spread of modern Homo sapiens in the Old...
Origins of homo Sapiens 1 – Bands, Old Stone Age Hominins
Humans evolved in Africa through the lineage of hominins, which arose 7–5 million years ago. The ability to walk on...
Origins of homo Sapiens 2 – Bands, Old Stone Age homo Sapiens
The first French human industry, the flint and polishing workshop in Pressigny, ca. -3000.